香蕉视频下载

山東能源史話

兩任民國“總統”和“總理”曾擔任中興煤礦公司要職

發布日期:2015年09月10日    孫卓龍     來源:山東能源集團網站

從十九世(shi)紀末(mo)到(dao)(dao)(dao)二十世(shi)紀二三十年代,棗(zao)莊中(zhong)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)由小到(dao)(dao)(dao)大,由弱到(dao)(dao)(dao)強(qiang),逐步(bu)發展成(cheng)為(wei)民(min)族礦業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佼(jiao)佼(jiao)者(zhe)。在(zai)眾(zhong)多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)功要(yao)(yao)素(su)中(zhong),其“名人(ren)效應”功不可沒。這(zhe)是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)中(zhong)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)匯聚了(le)當(dang)時眾(zhong)多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清末(mo)官(guan)僚(liao)、民(min)國(guo)政要(yao)(yao)、軍閥首(shou)領,高官(guan)大員,他們預見到(dao)(dao)(dao)中(zhong)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)挖煤有利(li)(li)(li)可圖,舍得在(zai)中(zhong)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)入(ru)股(gu)投(tou)資(zi),讓資(zi)本(ben)滾動(dong)(dong)生利(li)(li)(li),這(zhe)實質上是(shi)官(guan)僚(liao)資(zi)本(ben)利(li)(li)(li)益驅動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)本(ben)性使然。而誕生于亂(luan)世(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si),一方面缺(que)乏建設資(zi)金,迫切需(xu)要(yao)(yao)官(guan)僚(liao)資(zi)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)入(ru);另一方面亦(yi)希望位高權重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大人(ren)物成(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堅強(qiang)后盾,當(dang)好(hao)遮風擋雨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“保護(hu)傘”。本(ben)文向(xiang)讀者(zhe)簡(jian)要(yao)(yao)介紹曾在(zai)中(zhong)興(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)擔任董事長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩任民(min)國(guo)“總(zong)統”和擔任總(zong)經理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩任民(min)國(guo)“總(zong)理(li)”。

徐(xu)世昌(1855-1939年(nian)(nian)(nian)),河南省(sheng)衛輝縣人。徐(xu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)輕時家境(jing)貧寒(han),1879年(nian)(nian)(nian)得袁世凱(kai)資助(zhu)赴北京應(ying)試,先中(zhong)(zhong)舉人,后中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)士,授翰林。曾任東(dong)三省(sheng)總督、清皇族內閣(ge)協理大(da)臣、民國首任國務卿(qing)等職。1909年(nian)(nian)(nian)徐(xu)任郵傳部尚書兼(jian)津浦鐵(tie)路督辦期(qi)間,投資中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si),成為公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的大(da)股(gu)(gu)東(dong)。1915年(nian)(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)因發生(sheng)(sheng)礦難,總經(jing)(jing)理張(zhang)蓮芬憂憤辭世,生(sheng)(sheng)產經(jing)(jing)營(ying)陷入(ru)(ru)困境(jing)。1916年(nian)(nian)(nian)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)虧損(sun)達40余萬元(yuan)。為“亟籌(chou)救急之法”,1916年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月,中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)在天津召開(kai)第(di)六(liu)次董(dong)(dong)事會議,決定改組董(dong)(dong)事會,設總公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)于(yu)天津,設總礦于(yu)棗(zao)莊,推舉徐(xu)世昌為董(dong)(dong)事長。面對處(chu)于(yu)低谷的中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si),徐(xu)世昌憑借(jie)官場人脈,“聯絡南北股(gu)(gu)東(dong),增加資本(ben)”,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong),駐軍(jun)徐(xu)州的張(zhang)勛入(ru)(ru)股(gu)(gu)20萬兩;軍(jun)閥張(zhang)作霖入(ru)(ru)股(gu)(gu)6萬兩,由其(qi)子(zi)張(zhang)學良代任董(dong)(dong)事。通過增股(gu)(gu)和銀行借(jie)款,使中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)度(du)過危機,得以東(dong)山(shan)再起。兩年(nian)(nian)(nian)后的1918年(nian)(nian)(nian),徐(xu)世昌由安福國會選為民國總統。

黎(li)元洪(1864-1928年(nian)),湖北(bei)省黃陂(po)人(ren)。武昌(chang)起義(yi)時(shi),任革命(ming)軍湖北(bei)軍政(zheng)府(fu)都督(du)。1911年(nian)南京臨時(shi)政(zheng)府(fu)成立時(shi),當選為(wei)副總(zong)(zong)統(tong)。袁(yuan)世凱任大(da)(da)總(zong)(zong)統(tong)時(shi),黎(li)任副總(zong)(zong)統(tong)。袁(yuan)世凱死(si)后(hou),繼任總(zong)(zong)統(tong)。后(hou)段祺瑞利用(yong)張勛(xun)將其驅走,由馮國璋(zhang)代(dai)理大(da)(da)總(zong)(zong)統(tong)。1922年(nian)再任大(da)(da)總(zong)(zong)統(tong),1923年(nian)下野。黎(li)元洪晚年(nian)致力于(yu)實業,曾投資企(qi)業45個,其中(zhong)銀(yin)行(xing)17家,工廠12個、煤礦6家,總(zong)(zong)投資額(e)達200萬元。1919年(nian)被(bei)選為(wei)中(zhong)興公(gong)司(si)(si)董事長(chang),連任四屆(jie)(每(mei)屆(jie)三年(nian))。大(da)(da)總(zong)(zong)統(tong)主(zhu)辦煤礦,地方主(zhu)政(zheng)者對中(zhong)興公(gong)司(si)(si)多(duo)給予照顧,各大(da)(da)銀(yin)行(xing)都積(ji)極為(wei)中(zhong)興公(gong)司(si)(si)提供貸款(kuan)。這一時(shi)期,中(zhong)興公(gong)司(si)(si)營業興旺(wang),信譽(yu)大(da)(da)增。1928年(nian)病故(gu)后(hou),其子(zi)黎(li)紹基補為(wei)中(zhong)興公(gong)司(si)(si)董事。

周自(zi)齊(1871-1923年(nian)),山(shan)(shan)東(dong)單(dan)縣人,中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)早期留(liu)美(mei)學生之(zhi)一。民國(guo)(guo)初建時,創辦清華學堂。曾任山(shan)(shan)東(dong)都督、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)銀行(xing)總(zong)(zong)裁、交通總(zong)(zong)長(chang)、陸軍總(zong)(zong)長(chang)、財政總(zong)(zong)長(chang)、農商總(zong)(zong)長(chang)等(deng)要職(zhi)。1922年(nian)任北洋政府署理(li)內閣(ge)總(zong)(zong)理(li)兼教(jiao)育總(zong)(zong)長(chang)。1922年(nian)6月,曾代理(li)過十天(tian)的民國(guo)(guo)總(zong)(zong)統。身為北洋政府的高(gao)官,在理(li)財等(deng)方面(mian)有(you)著豐(feng)富的經驗。1921年(nian)投資中(zhong)興公(gong)司(si)(si),是大股東(dong)之(zhi)一。同時擔任、連任中(zhong)興公(gong)司(si)(si)監察(cha)人(類似(si)監事)。

朱啟鈐(qian)(1872-1964年(nian)(nian)),貴州(zhou)人(ren),北(bei)洋政府時(shi)(shi)期(qi),先后(hou)任(ren)交通總長(chang)(chang),1913年(nian)(nian)8月曾代(dai)理國務總理。1906年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)修(xiu)筑(zhu)臺棗鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)、新建(jian)南(nan)大(da)井時(shi)(shi),銀(yin)行不給貸(dai)(dai)款。張蓮芬求助于津浦(pu)路(lu)局,得到(dao)時(shi)(shi)任(ren)津浦(pu)鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)總辦朱啟鈐(qian)和郵(you)傳部尚書(shu)徐世昌(chang)的(de)鼎力相助,以(yi)津浦(pu)鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)資產作(zuo)為(wei)擔保,使中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)順利(li)從銀(yin)行貸(dai)(dai)款200萬元,保證了(le)(le)(le)修(xiu)路(lu)和建(jian)井的(de)需要。1915年(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)發生重大(da)礦難后(hou),受(shou)新任(ren)董(dong)事長(chang)(chang)徐世昌(chang)委(wei)托,朱啟鈐(qian)實際行使代(dai)理董(dong)事長(chang)(chang)之職。1918年(nian)(nian)被推舉為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)董(dong)事會長(chang)(chang)兼總經理,1937年(nian)(nian)擔任(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輪船公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)董(dong)事會長(chang)(chang)。朱啟鈐(qian)對中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)發展頗(po)多建(jian)樹(shu)。在上(shang)(shang)海(hai)、無錫、蘇州(zhou)、武漢等處增設煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)銷售網點;1924年(nian)(nian)建(jian)成第二大(da)井,1934年(nian)(nian)建(jian)成第三(san)大(da)井;從美國購進運煤(mei)(mei)車皮(pi)100節;南(nan)北(bei)兩(liang)井主要巷道安(an)裝(zhuang)了(le)(le)(le)無級繩絞車,從德(de)國購買(mai)了(le)(le)(le)兩(liang)部簸(bo)煤(mei)(mei)機在井下安(an)裝(zhuang)使用,在采煤(mei)(mei)面上(shang)(shang)使用了(le)(le)(le)兩(liang)臺電動割煤(mei)(mei)機;購買(mai)了(le)(le)(le)十余(yu)艘運煤(mei)(mei)輪船,建(jian)立(li)了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輪船公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si);將(jiang)臺棗鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)與(yu)隴海(hai)鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)接通,在連云港(gang)(gang)建(jian)設了(le)(le)(le)煤(mei)(mei)碼頭,設立(li)了(le)(le)(le)儲(chu)煤(mei)(mei)棧(zhan),將(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)運到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)上(shang)(shang)海(hai)、香港(gang)(gang)、南(nan)洋等地。公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)還成立(li)了(le)(le)(le)鞠仁醫院、中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)小學和中(zhong)(zhong)學。在朱啟鈐(qian)主政期(qi)間,中(zhong)(zhong)興(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)的(de)煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)產量(liang)翻了(le)(le)(le)一番,與(yu)開灤、撫(fu)順并稱為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)三(san)大(da)煤(mei)(mei)礦。

政府機構
中央(yang)企業
能(neng)源行業
主要媒體(ti)