堅持和完善黨和國家監督體系

楊曉渡

黨(dang)(dang)的(de)十(shi)九(jiu)大著眼全面從嚴治(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)、提(ti)高黨(dang)(dang)的(de)執政能力(li)和(he)(he)(he)(he)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)水平(ping)，作出(chu)健全黨(dang)(dang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)國家監督(du)體系的(de)戰略部署。黨(dang)(dang)的(de)十(shi)九(jiu)屆四(si)中(zhong)(zhong)全會(hui)(hui)貫(guan)徹(che)(che)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)十(shi)九(jiu)大精神(shen)，確立黨(dang)(dang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)國家監督(du)體系在堅(jian)持和(he)(he)(he)(he)完(wan)善中(zhong)(zhong)國特色社會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)制度(du)、推進國家治(zhi)理(li)體系和(he)(he)(he)(he)治(zhi)理(li)能力(li)現代化中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)重要支撐(cheng)地位，將“堅(jian)持和(he)(he)(he)(he)完(wan)善黨(dang)(dang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)國家監督(du)體系，強化對權(quan)力(li)運行的(de)制約和(he)(he)(he)(he)監督(du)”專(zhuan)列(lie)一章作出(chu)重大制度(du)安(an)排。這是以習(xi)近平(ping)同志為核心的(de)黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)面對世界(jie)百年未有之大變局，立足(zu)實現“兩個一百年”奮斗目標，總(zong)攬全局、審(shen)時度(du)勢作出(chu)的(de)戰略決策，具有重大和(he)(he)(he)(he)深遠(yuan)意義(yi)，我們要深刻學習(xi)領(ling)(ling)會(hui)(hui)、堅(jian)決貫(guan)徹(che)(che)落實。

一、黨長期執政條件下推進自我革命的重要保障

在(zai)領(ling)導人(ren)民進(jin)行偉(wei)大的(de)(de)(de)社會革(ge)命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)領(ling)導全(quan)(quan)黨(dang)(dang)進(jin)行偉(wei)大的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)我(wo)(wo)革(ge)命(ming)，實現自(zi)我(wo)(wo)凈化(hua)、自(zi)我(wo)(wo)完(wan)善(shan)、自(zi)我(wo)(wo)革(ge)新(xin)、自(zi)我(wo)(wo)提高，是我(wo)(wo)們(men)黨(dang)(dang)區別于其他政黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)鮮明(ming)特(te)征，是我(wo)(wo)們(men)黨(dang)(dang)長(chang)盛(sheng)不衰的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)在(zai)原因，是我(wo)(wo)們(men)黨(dang)(dang)能夠長(chang)期執(zhi)政，堅持并不斷完(wan)善(shan)中國特(te)色社會主義制度的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵所在(zai)。黨(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)十九(jiu)屆(jie)四中全(quan)(quan)會作出堅持和完(wan)善(shan)黨(dang)(dang)和國家(jia)監(jian)督體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)重大制度安排，標志(zhi)著我(wo)(wo)們(men)黨(dang)(dang)對長(chang)期執(zhi)政條(tiao)件下(xia)推進(jin)自(zi)我(wo)(wo)革(ge)命(ming)、永(yong)葆先(xian)進(jin)純潔的(de)(de)(de)認識達(da)到新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)高度。

（一）黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)、長期(qi)執(zhi)政(zheng)，必(bi)須堅(jian)持和完(wan)善(shan)一套強化(hua)自(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)(wo)監督(du)(du)(du)、實現(xian)自(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)(wo)凈(jing)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)制度體系。習(xi)近(jin)平總書記指(zhi)出，自(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)(wo)監督(du)(du)(du)是世(shi)界性(xing)難題(ti)，是國家治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)“哥德巴赫猜想”；權力(li)是最大的(de)(de)(de)腐蝕劑(ji)，我(wo)(wo)們黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)長期(qi)執(zhi)政(zheng)必(bi)然面(mian)(mian)臨被(bei)腐蝕風險，解(jie)決這個問題(ti)，不(bu)能(neng)靠(kao)(kao)西方所謂的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)輪替和三權分(fen)立，根本上要靠(kao)(kao)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)自(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)(wo)革(ge)(ge)命、自(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)(wo)凈(jing)化(hua)；只有把自(zi)(zi)(zi)我(wo)(wo)監督(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)有效(xiao)制度確立起(qi)(qi)來，構建(jian)起(qi)(qi)具有中(zhong)國特色(se)的(de)(de)(de)監督(du)(du)(du)體系，才能(neng)鞏(gong)固黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)執(zhi)政(zheng)地(di)位(wei)，跳出歷史周(zhou)期(qi)率。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)十八大以來，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央全(quan)面(mian)(mian)加(jia)強黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)領(ling)導(dao)(dao)和黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設，堅(jian)定不(bu)移(yi)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)從嚴(yan)(yan)治(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)、正風肅紀反腐，消(xiao)除黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和國家內(nei)部存在的(de)(de)(de)嚴(yan)(yan)重隱患，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)生活氣象更新，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)生態明顯(xian)好轉(zhuan)，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)創造力(li)、凝聚力(li)、戰斗力(li)顯(xian)著增強，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)團結統一更加(jia)鞏(gong)固，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)在革(ge)(ge)命性(xing)鍛造中(zhong)更加(jia)堅(jian)強，為(wei)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和國家事業發(fa)展提(ti)供(gong)了(le)堅(jian)強政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)保證。實踐(jian)充(chong)分(fen)證明，我(wo)(wo)們黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)能(neng)夠依靠(kao)(kao)自(zi)(zi)(zi)身(shen)力(li)量發(fa)現(xian)問題(ti)、糾正偏(pian)差，深化(hua)改革(ge)(ge)、強化(hua)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，推(tui)動執(zhi)政(zheng)能(neng)力(li)整體提(ti)升，以黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)永(yong)不(bu)變(bian)質，確保紅色(se)江山永(yong)不(bu)變(bian)色(se)。

（二）堅(jian)持(chi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)完善黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)家(jia)監督體(ti)系(xi)(xi)是推(tui)進(jin)(jin)國(guo)家(jia)治理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)治理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)重要(yao)內容。黨(dang)的(de)(de)十八屆三中全(quan)(quan)會提(ti)出(chu)，全(quan)(quan)面深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)改革的(de)(de)總目(mu)標是完善和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發展中國(guo)特色社(she)會主義制(zhi)度，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)國(guo)家(jia)治理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)治理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)。黨(dang)的(de)(de)十九大(da)提(ti)出(chu)，到2035年各方面制(zhi)度更加完善，國(guo)家(jia)治理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)治理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)基本實現(xian)；到本世紀中葉(xie)實現(xian)國(guo)家(jia)治理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)治理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)。推(tui)進(jin)(jin)國(guo)家(jia)治理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)治理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)，必(bi)須(xu)建立健全(quan)(quan)監督體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，形成(cheng)決策科學(xue)、執(zhi)行(xing)堅(jian)決、監督有力(li)(li)的(de)(de)權(quan)力(li)(li)運行(xing)機制(zhi)，確保黨(dang)的(de)(de)路(lu)線方針政(zheng)策和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)各項決策部(bu)署貫徹落實，確保黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)人民(min)(min)賦予的(de)(de)權(quan)力(li)(li)始終用來(lai)為人民(min)(min)謀幸福。因此(ci)，堅(jian)持(chi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)完善黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)家(jia)監督體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，是國(guo)家(jia)治理(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)治理(li)(li)(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)重要(yao)內容和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)重要(yao)保障，必(bi)將(jiang)有力(li)(li)促進(jin)(jin)社(she)會主義制(zhi)度的(de)(de)自(zi)我完善和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)發展，提(ti)升黨(dang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)國(guo)家(jia)運用制(zhi)度和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)法律治理(li)(li)(li)國(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。

（三）堅持和(he)完善黨(dang)(dang)(dang)和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督體(ti)系是(shi)實現依(yi)(yi)規(gui)(gui)治(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)和(he)依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有機統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)成功(gong)做法(fa)(fa)。我們黨(dang)(dang)(dang)要(yao)履行好(hao)執(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)興國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)重大(da)(da)(da)職(zhi)責，必須(xu)依(yi)(yi)據黨(dang)(dang)(dang)章黨(dang)(dang)(dang)規(gui)(gui)管黨(dang)(dang)(dang)治(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)、依(yi)(yi)據憲法(fa)(fa)法(fa)(fa)律治(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)理政(zheng)(zheng)。依(yi)(yi)規(gui)(gui)治(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)和(he)依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)體(ti)兩面、高度契合，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)內監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)內在(zai)一(yi)(yi)致、高度互(hu)補。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)十(shi)八(ba)大(da)(da)(da)以來，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)統籌推進“五(wu)位一(yi)(yi)體(ti)”總體(ti)布(bu)局(ju)、協調推進“四(si)個全面”戰略布(bu)局(ju)，以黨(dang)(dang)(dang)內監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督帶動其他各方面監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督；從(cong)改革(ge)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)紀律檢查體(ti)制出招破(po)局(ju)、統領牽引，由全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)大(da)(da)(da)常委(wei)會授(shou)權、立法(fa)(fa)保障國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)體(ti)制創(chuang)制突破(po)、提升效(xiao)能，著力探索黨(dang)(dang)(dang)在(zai)長期執(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)條(tiao)件下強化自我監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督的(de)(de)(de)有效(xiao)路徑。特(te)別是(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)十(shi)九屆三中(zhong)全會，把組建國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)委(wei)員會列為深化黨(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)機構改革(ge)第一(yi)(yi)項任務，充(chong)分體(ti)現了(le)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)對依(yi)(yi)規(gui)(gui)治(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)和(he)依(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、黨(dang)(dang)(dang)內監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)的(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)謀劃和(he)一(yi)(yi)體(ti)落實，有效(xiao)提升了(le)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)執(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)能力和(he)治(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)理政(zheng)(zheng)科學化水平。

（四）堅(jian)(jian)持和(he)(he)完善(shan)黨和(he)(he)國家(jia)監(jian)(jian)督(du)體系是有效監(jian)(jian)督(du)制約公權力(li)、奪取(qu)反腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)斗(dou)爭(zheng)徹底勝利的(de)(de)必由之路。腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)的(de)(de)本質是權力(li)濫用、以權謀私(si)，反腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)必須強(qiang)化(hua)監(jian)(jian)督(du)、管(guan)住(zhu)權力(li)。當前反腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)斗(dou)爭(zheng)取(qu)得(de)壓倒(dao)性(xing)勝利，但對形勢(shi)的(de)(de)嚴峻性(xing)和(he)(he)復雜性(xing)一(yi)點也(ye)不能低估，腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)存量不少、增(zeng)量仍(reng)在發生(sheng)，滋生(sheng)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)的(de)(de)土壤和(he)(he)條件(jian)依然存在，必須以永(yong)遠在路上(shang)的(de)(de)堅(jian)(jian)韌(ren)和(he)(he)執著(zhu)，打好反腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)斗(dou)爭(zheng)持久戰(zhan)。堅(jian)(jian)持和(he)(he)完善(shan)黨和(he)(he)國家(jia)監(jian)(jian)督(du)體系，表明(ming)黨中央無禁(jin)區、全(quan)覆(fu)蓋、零容忍的(de)(de)鮮明(ming)態度，有利于(yu)鞏(gong)固嚴懲腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)的(de)(de)高壓態勢(shi)，強(qiang)化(hua)不敢腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)震懾；有利于(yu)健全(quan)反腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)敗(bai)領導體制和(he)(he)工(gong)作(zuo)機制，強(qiang)化(hua)對作(zuo)為“關(guan)鍵少數”的(de)(de)領導干部(bu)的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)督(du)，實現對所有黨員、干部(bu)和(he)(he)行(xing)使(shi)公權力(li)的(de)(de)公職(zhi)人(ren)(ren)員監(jian)(jian)督(du)全(quan)覆(fu)蓋，以案(an)促改、健全(quan)制度，扎牢不能腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)籠子(zi)；有利于(yu)統籌推(tui)進黨性(xing)教(jiao)育、法治教(jiao)育和(he)(he)道(dao)德(de)教(jiao)育，讓(rang)人(ren)(ren)從(cong)思想源頭上(shang)消除貪(tan)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之念，增(zeng)強(qiang)不想腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)自(zi)覺，通過不懈(xie)努力(li)，換(huan)來海晏河清、朗朗乾坤(kun)。

二、堅持鞏固黨的十八大以來加強黨和國家監督的制度成果

黨的十八大以來(lai)，以習近(jin)平同志(zhi)為核心的黨中央著眼黨和國(guo)(guo)家(jia)長治久(jiu)安，從政治和全局高(gao)度推進監督制度改(gai)革，初步形成黨和國(guo)(guo)家(jia)監督體(ti)(ti)系總體(ti)(ti)框(kuang)架。成績(ji)來(lai)之不(bu)(bu)易，經驗彌足(zu)珍貴，需要長期堅持、不(bu)(bu)斷鞏固(gu)、深化發展(zhan)。

（一(yi)）堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共產(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)最本質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特征，是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)制度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大優勢，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)最高政治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)力量(liang)，必(bi)須堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)對一(yi)切(qie)工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)八大以(yi)來，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央旗幟鮮明堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)和加強黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)面(mian)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)，把黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)貫(guan)穿于改革發展穩定、內(nei)政外交國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)防、治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軍等各(ge)(ge)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)各(ge)(ge)方面(mian)各(ge)(ge)環節，推(tui)動(dong)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家事業取(qu)得(de)(de)歷史性成(cheng)(cheng)就、發生歷史性變革。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)進入新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)，依靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)習近(jin)平同志(zhi)為(wei)核(he)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央堅(jian)(jian)強領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)，依靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)習近(jin)平新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)思想科(ke)學指引，依靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)面(mian)從(cong)嚴(yan)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)取(qu)得(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)卓著成(cheng)(cheng)效。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)體系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由眾多子系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)構成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，這個(ge)(ge)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心(xin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共產(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)。堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)和完(wan)善黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家監督(du)體系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，必(bi)須緊緊抓住堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)這個(ge)(ge)“綱”、堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)以(yi)習近(jin)平新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)特色(se)社會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)思想為(wei)指導(dao)(dao)這個(ge)(ge)“魂(hun)”，深(shen)刻把握黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央精心(xin)設計自我監督(du)為(wei)主(zhu)體制的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)考量(liang)和政治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)內(nei)涵，從(cong)決策部署指揮、資(zi)源力量(liang)整合(he)、措施(shi)手段運用上，不(bu)斷強化(hua)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)覆蓋、全(quan)方位、全(quan)過(guo)程領(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)，始終保持(chi)堅(jian)(jian)定正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方向。

（二）堅(jian)持(chi)首(shou)要強(qiang)(qiang)化政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)督(du)。新時代黨(dang)和國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)督(du)，具有(you)鮮(xian)明(ming)的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬性，最(zui)關鍵最(zui)緊要的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)增強(qiang)(qiang)“四(si)(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)意識”，堅(jian)定“四(si)(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自(zi)信(xin)”，做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)“兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)維護(hu)”。“四(si)(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)意識”“四(si)(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自(zi)信(xin)”“兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)維護(hu)”是(shi)(shi)黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)對我們在(zai)大(da)(da)政(zheng)方針(zhen)(zhen)上的(de)(de)(de)引領(ling)、在(zai)思(si)想理論(lun)層面的(de)(de)(de)要求，三(san)者(zhe)是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)有(you)機的(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)，增強(qiang)(qiang)“四(si)(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)意識”、堅(jian)定“四(si)(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自(zi)信(xin)”，最(zui)終都(dou)要落(luo)實(shi)(shi)到(dao)(dao)“兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)維護(hu)”的(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)實(shi)(shi)踐上。堅(jian)持(chi)和完善黨(dang)和國(guo)家(jia)監(jian)督(du)體(ti)系(xi)，必須守住(zhu)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)督(du)根本定位，把“兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)維護(hu)”作為(wei)根本政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)任(ren)務(wu)，加強(qiang)(qiang)對黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)理論(lun)路線(xian)方針(zhen)(zhen)政(zheng)策(ce)以及重大(da)(da)決(jue)策(ce)部署貫徹(che)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)情(qing)況(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)督(du)檢(jian)查。要聚(ju)焦政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原則(ze)、政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)態(tai)、政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)擔當，著力檢(jian)查強(qiang)(qiang)化思(si)想武裝(zhuang)、貫徹(che)黨(dang)章憲法(fa)、執行(xing)大(da)(da)政(zheng)方針(zhen)(zhen)、遵守政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紀(ji)律、履(lv)行(xing)政(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)責任(ren)、行(xing)使公(gong)共權力等情(qing)況(kuang)，做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)重大(da)(da)決(jue)策(ce)部署到(dao)(dao)哪(na)里(li)，監(jian)督(du)檢(jian)查就跟進到(dao)(dao)哪(na)里(li)，確保黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)政(zheng)令(ling)暢通、全黨(dang)團結統一。

（三）堅(jian)持(chi)推(tui)進監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)覆(fu)蓋(gai)。監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)覆(fu)蓋(gai)是管黨(dang)治黨(dang)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)從(cong)嚴(yan)(yan)的(de)重要(yao)體(ti)現(xian)。從(cong)黨(dang)的(de)十(shi)(shi)八屆三中全(quan)(quan)會要(yao)求巡(xun)視(shi)、派駐(zhu)“兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)全(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋(gai)”，到黨(dang)的(de)十(shi)(shi)八屆六中全(quan)(quan)會制定黨(dang)內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)條例推(tui)動黨(dang)內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)全(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋(gai)；從(cong)黨(dang)的(de)十(shi)(shi)九大后將所有(you)行使(shi)公(gong)權(quan)力的(de)公(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)納入(ru)國(guo)家監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察范圍，到逐(zhu)步(bu)(bu)形成紀律監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)、派駐(zhu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)、巡(xun)視(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)“四(si)個(ge)(ge)全(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋(gai)”格局；從(cong)大力推(tui)動“有(you)形覆(fu)蓋(gai)”，再(zai)到走(zou)向“有(you)效(xiao)覆(fu)蓋(gai)”，填補了從(cong)好黨(dang)員(yuan)到“階(jie)下囚”、從(cong)好的(de)公(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)到“階(jie)下囚”兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)方面(mian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)的(de)空白，黨(dang)和(he)(he)國(guo)家監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)工(gong)作逐(zhu)步(bu)(bu)延伸到每(mei)個(ge)(ge)領域、每(mei)個(ge)(ge)角(jiao)落。堅(jian)持(chi)和(he)(he)完善黨(dang)和(he)(he)國(guo)家監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)體(ti)系(xi)，必須(xu)進一步(bu)(bu)做實(shi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)全(quan)(quan)覆(fu)蓋(gai)、增強監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)有(you)效(xiao)性，不斷釋(shi)放(fang)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)從(cong)嚴(yan)(yan)、越來越嚴(yan)(yan)的(de)強烈信號(hao)，以有(you)力有(you)效(xiao)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)提高發現(xian)和(he)(he)解(jie)決問題能力。

（四）堅(jian)持(chi)壓實(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)紀(ji)委(wei)(wei)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)。權(quan)力就(jiu)是(shi)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)，責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)就(jiu)要擔當，失(shi)責(ze)(ze)必(bi)須追究。把領導(dao)(dao)的(de)權(quan)力和(he)(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)的(de)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)對應起(qi)來，是(shi)全面從嚴治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)重大實(shi)踐和(he)(he)理(li)論創新。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)十八(ba)大以來，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中央反復強調(diao)，全面從嚴治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)負主(zhu)體責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)，對本地區本單位政治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生態負責(ze)(ze)；紀(ji)委(wei)(wei)負監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)，協助(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)委(wei)(wei)員會(hui)推(tui)進(jin)全面從嚴治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)、加強黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)風建(jian)設和(he)(he)組織(zhi)協調(diao)反腐敗工作。正是(shi)依靠黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中央統一(yi)(yi)領導(dao)(dao)，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)（黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組）全面監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)，紀(ji)檢(jian)(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)察機關專責(ze)(ze)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)，通過監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)檢(jian)(jian)查、約(yue)談提醒(xing)、述(shu)職述(shu)廉(lian)、追責(ze)(ze)問責(ze)(ze)等(deng)方式，持(chi)續強化(hua)“兩(liang)個(ge)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)”，并(bing)推(tui)動“兩(liang)個(ge)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)”貫通協同，才取得了管黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)豐碩成果(guo)。堅(jian)持(chi)和(he)(he)完善黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和(he)(he)國家監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)體系，必(bi)須一(yi)(yi)級(ji)抓(zhua)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)、層(ceng)層(ceng)傳導(dao)(dao)壓力，推(tui)動各級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)(wei)（黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組）、紀(ji)委(wei)(wei)（紀(ji)檢(jian)(jian)組）守(shou)土盡責(ze)(ze)，進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步鞏固(gu)發展(zhan)全黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)抓(zhua)的(de)良好局(ju)面。

（五）堅持緊(jin)盯“關(guan)鍵少數”。全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)從嚴(yan)(yan)治(zhi)黨，既要(yao)(yao)(yao)靠(kao)嚴(yan)(yan)明的(de)紀(ji)律管全(quan)(quan)(quan)黨治(zhi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)黨，更要(yao)(yao)(yao)抓黨員領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)干(gan)部(bu)這個(ge)“關(guan)鍵少數”，形成“頭雁(yan)效(xiao)應”。黨的(de)十八(ba)大(da)后，全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)從嚴(yan)(yan)治(zhi)黨首先從中央(yang)政治(zhi)局(ju)立(li)規矩開始，從落實中央(yang)八(ba)項規定精神(shen)破題(ti)，堅持以上率下、層(ceng)層(ceng)示范，起到(dao)了徙木立(li)信(xin)的(de)作用(yong)。黨內監(jian)督(du)(du)的(de)重點對(dui)象，是黨的(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)機關(guan)和領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)干(gan)部(bu)特別是主要(yao)(yao)(yao)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)干(gan)部(bu)；國(guo)家監(jian)察體(ti)制改革后，同樣要(yao)(yao)(yao)聚(ju)焦重點對(dui)象，緊(jin)盯“關(guan)鍵少數”。堅持和完善(shan)黨和國(guo)家監(jian)督(du)(du)體(ti)系，必須(xu)抓住(zhu)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)矛盾和矛盾的(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)方面(mian)，管好關(guan)鍵人(ren)、管到(dao)關(guan)鍵處、管住(zhu)關(guan)鍵事、管在關(guan)鍵時(shi)，督(du)(du)促各級(ji)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)干(gan)部(bu)自覺接受監(jian)督(du)(du)、帶(dai)頭開展監(jian)督(du)(du)，帶(dai)動和促進整個(ge)監(jian)督(du)(du)體(ti)系不(bu)斷健全(quan)(quan)(quan)、更好運轉。

（六(liu)）堅(jian)持(chi)健全制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。堅(jian)持(chi)改(gai)革和(he)法治(zhi)(zhi)相統一相協調，是習近平總書(shu)記反復強(qiang)調的重(zhong)要(yao)方法論。在(zai)強(qiang)化黨(dang)和(he)國(guo)家(jia)監督(du)過程中(zhong)，黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)堅(jian)持(chi)“先立(li)(li)后破、不(bu)立(li)(li)不(bu)破”，把加(jia)強(qiang)監督(du)頂層設(she)計和(he)摸著石頭過河結(jie)合起來(lai)，圍繞理(li)論、思(si)想、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)構(gou)建體系，圍繞權力、責任、擔當(dang)設(she)計制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)，實現(xian)(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)建設(she)與(yu)時俱進(jin)，推(tui)動監督(du)工作在(zai)法治(zhi)(zhi)軌(gui)道上(shang)規范運行。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)建設(she)不(bu)能(neng)簡(jian)單地(di)立(li)(li)足于發現(xian)(xian)和(he)解決當(dang)前問題(ti)，而(er)必(bi)須(xu)要(yao)有一定(ding)的前瞻(zhan)性和(he)預(yu)見性。堅(jian)持(chi)和(he)完(wan)善黨(dang)和(he)國(guo)家(jia)監督(du)體系，必(bi)須(xu)立(li)(li)足當(dang)前、著眼長遠，更加(jia)重(zhong)視從體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)破解監督(du)難題(ti)，繼續深化相關改(gai)革，完(wan)善黨(dang)內法規制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)，加(jia)強(qiang)反腐敗國(guo)家(jia)立(li)(li)法，進(jin)一步形成靠制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)管(guan)權、管(guan)事、管(guan)人(ren)的長效機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，推(tui)動監督(du)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)更加(jia)成熟更加(jia)定(ding)型。

三、完善黨和國家監督體系

完善黨(dang)和國家監督(du)體系(xi)，涉及各級各類(lei)監督(du)主(zhu)體、監督(du)制度，是一項艱巨復雜的(de)系(xi)統工程。必須以習近平(ping)新時代中(zhong)(zhong)國特色社會主(zhu)義(yi)思想為指(zhi)導，堅(jian)決落實黨(dang)的(de)十九屆四中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會部署，把思想和行動統一到黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央決策上來，堅(jian)持(chi)穩中(zhong)(zhong)求(qiu)進、統籌(chou)推進，不(bu)斷(duan)增強監督(du)嚴肅性(xing)(xing)、協同性(xing)(xing)、有(you)效性(xing)(xing)。

（一(yi)）落(luo)實全面從嚴(yan)治黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)責(ze)任(ren)制(zhi)度。堅(jian)持和(he)加強(qiang)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)領(ling)導(dao)必須推進黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)建(jian)設，壓(ya)實管黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)治黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)主(zhu)體責(ze)任(ren)和(he)監(jian)(jian)督責(ze)任(ren)，規范黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)政(zheng)治生(sheng)活，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)日常監(jian)(jian)督，嚴(yan)明(ming)政(zheng)治紀律和(he)政(zheng)治規矩，發展積極健康的(de)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)政(zheng)治文化(hua)(hua)，全面凈化(hua)(hua)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)政(zheng)治生(sheng)態。各(ge)級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委（黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組(zu)）要在(zai)(zai)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)統(tong)一(yi)領(ling)導(dao)下，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)在(zai)(zai)同級(ji)組(zu)織(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)領(ling)導(dao)地位、監(jian)(jian)督作(zuo)(zuo)用，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)對(dui)下級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組(zu)織(zhi)特別是主(zhu)要領(ling)導(dao)干(gan)部的(de)監(jian)(jian)督，把(ba)管理和(he)監(jian)(jian)督寓于實施領(ling)導(dao)全過程。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委（黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組(zu)）書記作(zuo)(zuo)為第一(yi)責(ze)任(ren)人，必須把(ba)責(ze)任(ren)記在(zai)(zai)心(xin)里(li)、扛在(zai)(zai)肩上(shang)，堅(jian)定斗(dou)爭(zheng)(zheng)意志，把(ba)握斗(dou)爭(zheng)(zheng)方向，明(ming)確斗(dou)爭(zheng)(zheng)任(ren)務，掌握斗(dou)爭(zheng)(zheng)規律，講求斗(dou)爭(zheng)(zheng)方法，增強(qiang)斗(dou)爭(zheng)(zheng)本領(ling)，通(tong)過以(yi)身作(zuo)(zuo)則、以(yi)上(shang)率下，把(ba)每條戰線、每個(ge)領(ling)域、每個(ge)環節的(de)監(jian)(jian)督工作(zuo)(zuo)抓(zhua)具體、抓(zhua)深入。要堅(jian)持權責(ze)統(tong)一(yi)，抓(zhua)好問(wen)責(ze)條例貫徹落(luo)實，以(yi)精準規范有力問(wen)責(ze)，督促各(ge)級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組(zu)織(zhi)和(he)領(ling)導(dao)干(gan)部牢記初心(xin)使命、增強(qiang)政(zheng)治擔(dan)當，主(zhu)動(dong)開展和(he)自覺接受(shou)監(jian)(jian)督，推動(dong)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)建(jian)設和(he)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)事(shi)業健康發展。

（二）發(fa)(fa)揮黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)主導(dao)(dao)作(zuo)用(yong)。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)執政(zheng)(zheng)地(di)位(wei)決定了黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和國家監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)體系中(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)最基本的(de)(de)、第一位(wei)的(de)(de)，黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)有(you)(you)力(li)有(you)(you)效(xiao)，其(qi)他監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)才能(neng)發(fa)(fa)揮作(zuo)用(yong)。要(yao)突(tu)出黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屬性(xing)(xing)，增強(qiang)(qiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敏銳性(xing)(xing)和政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鑒別力(li)，推進(jin)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)具體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和常態(tai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)促(cu)各級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)組織和黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)干(gan)部(bu)加強(qiang)(qiang)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)建設、做(zuo)到“兩個維護(hu)”，堅守職能(neng)定位(wei)、踐(jian)行(xing)職責(ze)使(shi)命，全(quan)面(mian)(mian)從嚴治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)、正風肅(su)紀反腐，健全(quan)制(zhi)度機制(zhi)、提高(gao)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理能(neng)力(li)，確保黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)統(tong)一領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)更加堅強(qiang)(qiang)有(you)(you)力(li)。要(yao)補齊(qi)日常監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)短板，把思想政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)作(zuo)和群眾工(gong)作(zuo)貫(guan)穿始(shi)終，綜合運(yun)用(yong)平(ping)時觀察(cha)、談心談話、檢查抽(chou)查、列席民(min)主生活會(hui)、受(shou)理信訪舉報(bao)、督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)促(cu)巡(xun)(xun)(xun)視巡(xun)(xun)(xun)察(cha)整(zheng)改、提出紀檢監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)建議等形式，把日常監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)實實在(zai)在(zai)做(zuo)起來，抓早(zao)抓小、防微杜漸(jian)。要(yao)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)貫(guan)徹中(zhong)(zhong)央巡(xun)(xun)(xun)視工(gong)作(zuo)方針(zhen)，深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巡(xun)(xun)(xun)視，完(wan)善(shan)(shan)巡(xun)(xun)(xun)視巡(xun)(xun)(xun)察(cha)上下聯動格局，建立健全(quan)整(zheng)改常態(tai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、長(chang)效(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)機制(zhi)，充(chong)分彰顯巡(xun)(xun)(xun)視監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)嚴肅(su)性(xing)(xing)和公信力(li)。要(yao)完(wan)善(shan)(shan)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)察(cha)落實情(qing)況報(bao)告制(zhi)度，提高(gao)發(fa)(fa)現和處置問(wen)題(ti)(ti)能(neng)力(li)。上級(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)必須(xu)加強(qiang)(qiang)、同級(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不可偏廢、下級(ji)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)必須(xu)支(zhi)持，這(zhe)三點做(zuo)好了，“關鍵少數”就能(neng)盯緊盯牢。要(yao)堅持問(wen)題(ti)(ti)導(dao)(dao)向(xiang)，注重精準(zhun)施策(ce)(ce)，完(wan)善(shan)(shan)對高(gao)級(ji)干(gan)部(bu)、各級(ji)主要(yao)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)干(gan)部(bu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)制(zhi)度，完(wan)善(shan)(shan)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)班(ban)子內(nei)部(bu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)制(zhi)度，加強(qiang)(qiang)紀委(wei)對同級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)委(wei)特別是(shi)常委(wei)會(hui)委(wei)員(yuan)履(lv)行(xing)職責(ze)、行(xing)使(shi)權力(li)情(qing)況的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，推動主要(yao)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)干(gan)部(bu)決策(ce)(ce)和用(yong)人情(qing)況等在(zai)適當范(fan)圍內(nei)公開，確保權力(li)受(shou)到嚴格約(yue)束。

（三）強(qiang)化紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)委(wei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)專責(ze)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)。紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)檢(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)是黨內(nei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)和國(guo)家(jia)(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)專責(ze)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)，在黨和國(guo)家(jia)(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)系中(zhong)處于(yu)主干(gan)位(wei)置、發揮保障作(zuo)用，必須(xu)一體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)推(tui)進不敢腐、不能腐、不想(xiang)腐，統籌推(tui)進黨的(de)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)律檢(jian)查體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)改革(ge)、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)改革(ge)、紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)檢(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)改革(ge)，在更(geng)(geng)深層(ceng)次更(geng)(geng)高(gao)水(shui)平上深化轉(zhuan)職(zhi)能、轉(zhuan)方式(shi)、轉(zhuan)作(zuo)風，不斷提升履(lv)職(zhi)盡責(ze)水(shui)平。加(jia)強(qiang)上級紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)委(wei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)對(dui)下級紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)委(wei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)的(de)領導(dao)，堅持(chi)(chi)查辦腐敗案件以上級紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)委(wei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)領導(dao)為(wei)主、各級紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)委(wei)書記(ji)副書記(ji)提名考察(cha)以上級紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)委(wei)會同(tong)組織(zhi)部(bu)門(men)為(wei)主，推(tui)進雙(shuang)重領導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)具體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)化、程(cheng)序化、制(zhi)度化。發揮紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)委(wei)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)委(wei)合署辦公優(you)勢(shi)，健(jian)(jian)全(quan)統一決策、一體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)運行(xing)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，堅持(chi)(chi)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)在法(fa)(fa)(fa)前、紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)嚴于(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，推(tui)動執(zhi)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)貫通、有效銜(xian)接(jie)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)，提高(gao)運用法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)思維和法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)方式(shi)反腐敗能力。完善派(pai)駐監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，加(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)派(pai)駐機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)直(zhi)接(jie)領導(dao)和統一管(guan)理，實行(xing)派(pai)駐機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)履(lv)職(zhi)考核以上級紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)委(wei)為(wei)主，深化垂直(zhi)管(guan)理單(dan)位(wei)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)檢(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)改革(ge)，推(tui)動紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)檢(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)向(xiang)基層(ceng)延伸(shen)，增(zeng)強(qiang)人民群眾獲得(de)感幸福感安全(quan)感。認真落實紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)律檢(jian)查機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)執(zhi)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)規(gui)則(ze)和監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)規(gui)定，強(qiang)化紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)法(fa)(fa)(fa)思維、程(cheng)序意識，嚴格工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)，健(jian)(jian)全(quan)內(nei)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，對(dui)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)檢(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)干(gan)部(bu)違紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)違法(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)為(wei)“零(ling)容(rong)忍(ren)”，把依(yi)規(gui)依(yi)紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)現在各方面各環節(jie)，推(tui)進紀(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)檢(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)規(gui)范化、法(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)化。

（四）推(tui)(tui)(tui)動各(ge)(ge)類監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)有(you)機(ji)(ji)貫通(tong)、相互(hu)(hu)協(xie)調。隨著(zhu)全(quan)面(mian)深(shen)(shen)化改革向縱(zong)深(shen)(shen)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)，健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)黨(dang)(dang)和國家監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)體系，已由前期(qi)的(de)夯基(ji)壘臺、立柱架梁(liang)，中期(qi)的(de)全(quan)面(mian)推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)、積厚成勢，進(jin)入到(dao)系統(tong)集(ji)成、協(xie)同(tong)高(gao)效的(de)新階段。各(ge)(ge)領(ling)域各(ge)(ge)環節監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)關聯性(xing)互(hu)(hu)動性(xing)明顯增強(qiang)(qiang)，每一(yi)種監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)都(dou)會對其(qi)他監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)產生(sheng)重要影(ying)響，也都(dou)需(xu)要其(qi)他監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)協(xie)同(tong)配合，必須(xu)上下(xia)統(tong)籌、聯動推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)。要緊緊圍(wei)繞構(gou)建黨(dang)(dang)統(tong)一(yi)領(ling)導(dao)、全(quan)面(mian)覆蓋(gai)、權(quan)威(wei)高(gao)效的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)體系，著(zhu)力加強(qiang)(qiang)黨(dang)(dang)對監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)體系建設的(de)統(tong)一(yi)領(ling)導(dao)，牢牢掌(zhang)握(wo)主(zhu)(zhu)導(dao)權(quan)；著(zhu)力消除(chu)對公(gong)權(quan)力行(xing)使的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)空白和盲區，把所有(you)黨(dang)(dang)員干部及所有(you)行(xing)使公(gong)權(quan)力的(de)公(gong)職人員置于黨(dang)(dang)組(zu)(zu)織和人民(min)(min)群(qun)眾監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)之(zhi)下(xia)；著(zhu)力健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)協(xie)作(zuo)配合機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，形成配置科學、權(quan)責協(xie)同(tong)、運行(xing)高(gao)效的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)網(wang)。要推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)紀(ji)律(lv)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、派駐(zhu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、巡(xun)視監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)統(tong)籌銜接，加強(qiang)(qiang)紀(ji)檢(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)(ji)關監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)檢(jian)查部門(men)、派駐(zhu)紀(ji)檢(jian)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察組(zu)(zu)、巡(xun)視巡(xun)察機(ji)(ji)構(gou)之(zhi)間的(de)信(xin)息(xi)互(hu)(hu)通(tong)、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)互(hu)(hu)動，匯聚監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)合力。要健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)人大(da)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、行(xing)政監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、司(si)法監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、群(qun)眾監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、輿論監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)制(zhi)度(du)，發揮(hui)審計監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、統(tong)計監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)職能作(zuo)用，健(jian)(jian)(jian)全(quan)信(xin)息(xi)溝通(tong)、線(xian)索(suo)移送、措施配合、成果(guo)共享等工(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，以(yi)黨(dang)(dang)內監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)導(dao)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動各(ge)(ge)類監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)有(you)機(ji)(ji)貫通(tong)、相互(hu)(hu)協(xie)調、形成合力。