從《國家監察》案例談如何識別監察對象

——訪西南政法大學監察法學院譚宗澤教授

中央紀(ji)委國(guo)家監(jian)委網站 曹靜(jing)靜(jing)

電視專(zhuan)題片《國(guo)家監(jian)察(cha)(cha)》第二集《全面監(jian)督(du)》中(zhong)有這樣一個案例，2018年2月(yue)，吉林(lin)(lin)省(sheng)紀(ji)委(wei)接到反映(ying)吉林(lin)(lin)工商學(xue)院(yuan)副院(yuan)長(chang)張(zhang)國(guo)志(zhi)以權謀私的(de)(de)問題線索。但(dan)是張(zhang)國(guo)志(zhi)并非中(zhong)共黨員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，他落馬時也(ye)并非行(xing)政(zheng)機關公(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。監(jian)察(cha)(cha)體制改革前，在(zai)公(gong)辦的(de)(de)教(jiao)育、科研、文(wen)化、醫(yi)療衛(wei)生、體育等(deng)單(dan)位從事(shi)(shi)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，掌管(guan)著公(gong)共資源、行(xing)使著公(gong)權力，但(dan)大(da)多數不屬于行(xing)政(zheng)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)范(fan)疇，非黨員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)也(ye)不在(zai)紀(ji)委(wei)管(guan)轄范(fan)圍，這就出現了監(jian)督(du)的(de)(de)空白。2018年3月(yue)，《監(jian)察(cha)(cha)法》正式頒布施(shi)行(xing)，該法明(ming)確了六類(lei)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)對象，既包括公(gong)務員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以及參公(gong)管(guan)理(li)人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、受委(wei)托管(guan)理(li)公(gong)共事(shi)(shi)務組織(zhi)中(zhong)從事(shi)(shi)公(gong)務的(de)(de)人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，還涵(han)蓋國(guo)有企(qi)業(ye)管(guan)理(li)人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、公(gong)辦教(jiao)科文(wen)衛(wei)體等(deng)單(dan)位和基層群眾性自治(zhi)組織(zhi)中(zhong)從事(shi)(shi)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)，類(lei)似(si)張(zhang)國(guo)志(zhi)這樣的(de)(de)身(shen)份不再是監(jian)督(du)的(de)(de)盲區。

那(nei)么，我們應該如何判斷一個人是否(fou)屬(shu)于監察對(dui)象？除了張國志這(zhe)樣的(de)高等院校的(de)副院長，醫生、教師(shi)、村民小組長、國企業務員(yuan)、協警等等，這(zhe)些(xie)人員(yuan)是否(fou)屬(shu)于監察對(dui)象？對(dui)此，我們采訪了西南(nan)政法大學監察法學院譚宗澤教授。

問：監(jian)察(cha)法(fa)第(di)三條規定：“各級監(jian)察(cha)委(wei)員(yuan)會是(shi)行使國家監(jian)察(cha)職(zhi)能(neng)的專責(ze)機關(guan)，依照(zhao)本法(fa)對所(suo)有(you)(you)行使公(gong)權(quan)力的公(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)（以下稱(cheng)公(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)）進行監(jian)察(cha)”。政務(wu)處(chu)分法(fa)（草案）第(di)二條也規定：“公(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)有(you)(you)違法(fa)行為，需(xu)要給予政務(wu)處(chu)分的，由處(chu)分決定機關(guan)、單位依照(zhao)本法(fa)給予政務(wu)處(chu)分。”請您談(tan)一談(tan)什么是(shi)“公(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)”？

譚宗澤：監察(cha)(cha)法(fa)(fa)第(di)十五條(tiao)列(lie)舉(ju)(ju)了(le)監察(cha)(cha)對象，也就(jiu)是公職(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍：（一）中國(guo)共產黨機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)代表大會(hui)及其常(chang)務(wu)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)政府、監察(cha)(cha)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)(fa)院、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院、中國(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)政治(zhi)協商會(hui)議(yi)各(ge)級(ji)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)、民(min)主(zhu)黨派機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)和工商業聯合會(hui)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)公務(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，以及參照(zhao)《中華人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)共和國(guo)公務(wu)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)法(fa)(fa)》管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)；（二）法(fa)(fa)律、法(fa)(fa)規(gui)授權或者受(shou)國(guo)家機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)依法(fa)(fa)委托(tuo)管(guan)理(li)公共事務(wu)的(de)(de)組織(zhi)中從(cong)(cong)事公務(wu)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)；（三）國(guo)有企業管(guan)理(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)；（四）公辦的(de)(de)教育、科(ke)研(yan)、文化、醫療衛(wei)生(sheng)、體(ti)育等單位(wei)中從(cong)(cong)事管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)；（五）基層(ceng)群(qun)眾性自治(zhi)組織(zhi)中從(cong)(cong)事管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)；（六）其他依法(fa)(fa)履行公職(zhi)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。政務(wu)處分法(fa)(fa)（草案）第(di)三條(tiao)也采取列(lie)舉(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)方式(shi)規(gui)定了(le)公職(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍，該(gai)規(gui)定與監察(cha)(cha)法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)規(gui)定是一致(zhi)的(de)(de)。

其(qi)中，立(li)法(fa)(fa)機(ji)關(guan)、行(xing)政機(ji)關(guan)、司法(fa)(fa)機(ji)關(guan)中的國(guo)家(jia)工作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)是典型的公(gong)職人(ren)員(yuan)，這些國(guo)家(jia)機(ji)關(guan)中的工作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)也是公(gong)務員(yuan)法(fa)(fa)所稱的公(gong)務員(yuan)，即這些人(ren)員(yuan)屬于依(yi)法(fa)(fa)履(lv)行(xing)公(gong)職，被(bei)納入了國(guo)家(jia)行(xing)政編制，并(bing)由(you)國(guo)家(jia)財政負擔工資福利的工作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)。

前段時間，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央紀(ji)(ji)委國家監(jian)(jian)委網站公(gong)(gong)(gong)布：“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國華電集團(tuan)有(you)(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司原黨組(zu)副書記、總(zong)經理云公(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)涉嫌嚴重違紀(ji)(ji)違法(fa)(fa)，目前正(zheng)接受中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央紀(ji)(ji)委國家監(jian)(jian)委紀(ji)(ji)律審查(cha)和監(jian)(jian)察(cha)調查(cha)。”云公(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)作為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國華電集團(tuan)有(you)(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司的(de)黨組(zu)副書記、總(zong)經理，不屬于(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務員(yuan)，但(dan)屬于(yu)(yu)監(jian)(jian)察(cha)法(fa)(fa)第十五(wu)條列舉的(de)“國有(you)(you)企(qi)業管理人員(yuan)”，也屬于(yu)(yu)監(jian)(jian)察(cha)法(fa)(fa)上的(de)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)職人員(yuan)”，因此國家監(jian)(jian)委可以對其進行監(jian)(jian)察(cha)調查(cha)。

問：如(ru)何(he)判(pan)斷一個人是(shi)否(fou)屬于監察對象？有(you)哪些判(pan)斷標準？

譚宗澤：監察(cha)法將黨政(zheng)機關、人民團體、依(yi)法授(shou)權或(huo)受委托組(zu)織、基層群(qun)眾性自治組(zu)織、國(guo)有(you)(you)企事(shi)業單位組(zu)織等單位中，從(cong)(cong)事(shi)公(gong)務(wu)或(huo)從(cong)(cong)事(shi)管理的(de)(de)人員等的(de)(de)職(zhi)務(wu)違法和職(zhi)務(wu)犯罪行為，都納入了國(guo)家監察(cha)的(de)(de)范圍。國(guo)家監察(cha)的(de)(de)對象是“所有(you)(you)行使公(gong)權力的(de)(de)公(gong)職(zhi)人員”。

監(jian)(jian)察法明確規定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)察對象(xiang)并不(bu)(bu)包括機關(guan)組(zu)織(zhi)等，而是(shi)以這(zhe)(zhe)些機關(guan)組(zu)織(zhi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)監(jian)(jian)察對象(xiang)，針對的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)僅(jin)是(shi)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)個(ge)人(ren)。具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)來說，要(yao)(yao)(yao)認定(ding)一個(ge)人(ren)是(shi)否(fou)屬(shu)于依法履行(xing)公(gong)(gong)職(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)，不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)(yao)(yao)看(kan)其是(shi)否(fou)具(ju)(ju)備(bei)公(gong)(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身份，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)還要(yao)(yao)(yao)看(kan)其是(shi)否(fou)是(shi)在行(xing)使公(gong)(gong)權力(li)、履行(xing)公(gong)(gong)務，其所涉嫌(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)違法或(huo)者犯罪行(xing)為(wei)是(shi)否(fou)損(sun)害了公(gong)(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)及公(gong)(gong)權力(li)運行(xing)所要(yao)(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)廉潔性。而要(yao)(yao)(yao)具(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)判定(ding)一個(ge)人(ren)是(shi)否(fou)屬(shu)于監(jian)(jian)察對象(xiang)，依據(ju)監(jian)(jian)察法第三條(tiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)就要(yao)(yao)(yao)看(kan)其是(shi)否(fou)符合這(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)個(ge)條(tiao)件(jian)：一是(shi)其是(shi)否(fou)“行(xing)使公(gong)(gong)權力(li)”，二是(shi)其是(shi)否(fou)具(ju)(ju)有“公(gong)(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身份。一般只要(yao)(yao)(yao)具(ju)(ju)備(bei)這(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)大(da)要(yao)(yao)(yao)素中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)，就可以認定(ding)為(wei)屬(shu)于監(jian)(jian)察對象(xiang)。

但(dan)這(zhe)里存(cun)在一個問題，即(ji)(ji)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)”所涵(han)蓋的(de)范圍不(bu)(bu)僅包括了所有(you)行(xing)使(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)，還包括其(qi)他行(xing)使(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)非公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)。也就(jiu)是(shi)說(shuo)，以(yi)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)”為(wei)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)來識(shi)別(bie)具(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)的(de)監(jian)察(cha)對象(xiang)可(ke)以(yi)將所有(you)的(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)及(ji)其(qi)他行(xing)使(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)人(ren)員(yuan)納入監(jian)察(cha)的(de)對象(xiang)范圍；反(fan)之，行(xing)使(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)一定具(ju)(ju)(ju)備“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)”的(de)身份(fen)，以(yi)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)”身份(fen)為(wei)識(shi)別(bie)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)來認定具(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)的(de)監(jian)察(cha)對象(xiang)就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)能涵(han)蓋所有(you)行(xing)使(shi)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)”的(de)人(ren)員(yuan)。即(ji)(ji)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)”與(yu)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)”這(zhe)兩個具(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)識(shi)別(bie)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)之間是(shi)必要不(bu)(bu)充分(fen)的(de)關系，我們應以(yi)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力(li)(li)(li)”為(wei)主要識(shi)別(bie)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，再(zai)輔之以(yi)“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)員(yuan)”這(zhe)一身份(fen)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)來具(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)認定一個人(ren)是(shi)否屬于國家監(jian)察(cha)的(de)對象(xiang)。

從(cong)(cong)監察(cha)法第三(san)條、第十五條的規(gui)定(ding)來(lai)看(kan)，其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)行(xing)使公(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力，公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)員身份(fen)、履行(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)事(shi)務(wu)與提供公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)服(fu)務(wu)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)財(cai)產(chan)等(deng)要(yao)素為(wei)標準(zhun)，以(yi)廉(lian)潔(jie)從(cong)(cong)政(zheng)、廉(lian)潔(jie)從(cong)(cong)業為(wei)要(yao)求(qiu)來(lai)認定(ding)監察(cha)對(dui)象的。廉(lian)潔(jie)從(cong)(cong)政(zheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)享(xiang)有公(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力的人(ren)員的要(yao)求(qiu)；廉(lian)潔(jie)從(cong)(cong)業是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)管(guan)(guan)理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)事(shi)務(wu)和提供公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)服(fu)務(wu)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)財(cai)產(chan)與公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)資源(yuan)的人(ren)員的要(yao)求(qiu)。因此，要(yao)判斷一個人(ren)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)屬于監察(cha)對(dui)象，既要(yao)看(kan)其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)具有公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)人(ren)員的身份(fen)，關鍵還(huan)要(yao)看(kan)其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在行(xing)使公(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)力、履行(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)、管(guan)(guan)理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)事(shi)務(wu)、提供公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)服(fu)務(wu)及(ji)管(guan)(guan)理(li)公(gong)(gong)(gong)共(gong)(gong)財(cai)產(chan)等(deng)，以(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)權(quan)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)職(zhi)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)務(wu)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)財(cai)綜(zong)合(he)(he)實(shi)質性標準(zhun)組合(he)(he)來(lai)識別(bie)。

問：醫生(sheng)、教(jiao)師(shi)、村民小組長、國企業(ye)務員(yuan)、協警等，這些人員(yuan)是否屬于監察對象？

譚宗澤：對(dui)于這個問(wen)題，我們也應堅持公(gong)權、公(gong)職、公(gong)務、公(gong)財(cai)的實質性標準來對(dui)這些人進行識(shi)別(bie)。一(yi)般(ban)來說，醫生、教師、村民小(xiao)組長、國企(qi)業務員、協(xie)警等在一(yi)般(ban)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)都不(bu)會(hui)行使“公(gong)權力(li)”，因此應不(bu)屬(shu)于監察對(dui)象。

但是(shi)，當這些人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基(ji)于(yu)法律(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)授權(quan)或者基(ji)于(yu)委(wei)托(tuo)等(deng)(deng)在特(te)定條件下(xia)，符合“行使公權(quan)力(li)”“履行公務”而又違(wei)反廉潔從(cong)(cong)政、廉潔從(cong)(cong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)時，就可能被納入監察對(dui)象范圍。例如，對(dui)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)或集(ji)體(ti)所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)財產負(fu)有(you)(you)(you)經(jing)營管理(li)(li)監督責(ze)(ze)任的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)就應屬于(yu)監察對(dui)象，其(qi)(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，一般就包(bao)括國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)領導(dao)班子成員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、中(zhong)(zhong)層和(he)基(ji)層管理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、特(te)定崗位(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他負(fu)有(you)(you)(you)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)產經(jing)營管理(li)(li)責(ze)(ze)任的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)(deng)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，領導(dao)班子成員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)主(zhu)要(yao)就包(bao)括國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)獨資(zi)(zi)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)、國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)控股企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)分支(zhi)機構的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領導(dao)班子成員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，如設(she)立董(dong)事(shi)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)由國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)股權(quan)代表出(chu)任的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)董(dong)事(shi)長(chang)(chang)、副(fu)(fu)董(dong)事(shi)長(chang)(chang)、董(dong)事(shi)，總(zong)(zong)經(jing)理(li)(li)、副(fu)(fu)總(zong)(zong)經(jing)理(li)(li)，黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)書記(ji)(ji)、副(fu)(fu)書記(ji)(ji)、紀委(wei)書記(ji)(ji)，工(gong)會(hui)主(zhu)席(xi)(xi)等(deng)(deng)，以及(ji)未設(she)董(dong)事(shi)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)經(jing)理(li)(li)（總(zong)(zong)裁(cai)）、副(fu)(fu)總(zong)(zong)經(jing)理(li)(li)（副(fu)(fu)總(zong)(zong)裁(cai)），黨(dang)(dang)委(wei)書記(ji)(ji)、副(fu)(fu)書記(ji)(ji)、紀委(wei)書記(ji)(ji)，工(gong)會(hui)主(zhu)席(xi)(xi)等(deng)(deng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)；中(zhong)(zhong)層和(he)基(ji)層管理(li)(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)就包(bao)括部門經(jing)理(li)(li)、副(fu)(fu)經(jing)理(li)(li)、總(zong)(zong)監、副(fu)(fu)總(zong)(zong)監、車間負(fu)責(ze)(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)等(deng)(deng)；特(te)定崗位(wei)如對(dui)國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)產負(fu)有(you)(you)(you)管理(li)(li)、監督責(ze)(ze)任的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會(hui)計、出(chu)納等(deng)(deng)工(gong)作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。